Vanadium [V]

Vanadium and the global production of crude steel.

• Vanadium is a rare, strategic metal
• World production totals only 150,000 tons a year
•  Small amount of vanadium to steel alloy can double its strength and make it more corrosion and abrasion resistant

Vanadium and the global production of crude steel

• Steel: 90% of vanadium end-use
• 2007, vanadium was mainly used in the form of ferrovanadium (88%)
• 2007, titanium alloys are the main non-ferrous use. (9%)
• Steel production expected to grow at an CAGR of 3.5% between 2007 and 2015
• Most of the growth will be in Asia, centered upon China.

Steel Industry FeV Consumption: 90% of End-Use

• Carbon Steel 36%
• High steel low alloys 22%
• Stainless/tool 9%
• Full Alloy 20%

Less steel can be used to meet the same performance standard.

• High strength low alloys (HSLA) is the fastest growing segment of this market .
• Vanadium to crude steel promotes the best fine grain size, hardness and wear resistance.
• Allows infrastructure to be built safely safely and optimizes performance.

Ferro-vanadium ( FeV) end use is in high performance steels for:

• Construction (building frames, bridges, etc.)
• Ship construction
• Structural applications
• Pipelines
• Automobiles and parts
• Railways
• Tools

Infrastructure Spending

Infrastructure to focus on steel intensive projects:

• Rail
• Highways and waterways
• Bridges
• Subways